Friday, March 29, 2024

Biomedical Sensors Advancing Medical And Biotechnology

By Anand Nayyar and Vikram Puri

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Next-generation biomedical sensors

DMI.

DMI stands for DNA Medical Institute. DMI device is a portable, compact device that uses a single drop of blood to perform hundreds of clinical lab tests, telling patients with gold-standard accuracy whether they have anything from the common cold to Ebola. DMI has a wide reach, focusing on global health, emergency and critical care, and Space medicine.

Vital sign monitoring platform.

This device is strapped to the upper arm, where it measures a wide variety of data as patients go about their daily lives. Measurements include temperature, blood oxygenation, movement and activity, heart rate, and cutaneous blood perfusion and volume, among others. Data is then uploaded to the Cloud and viewed on a smartphone or computer.

Eigen Lifescience device.

Eigen Lifescience device enables Hepatitis B rapid blood tests that can be analysed in minutes using the microprocessor on a smartphone. Designed for use in developing countries, the test can pinpoint patients who need treatment the most, thus, allocating services where these are most necessary. For instance, a child whose mother is infected with Hepatitis B must be treated within 12 hours. The experimental device might one day lead to testing for problems such as HIV, heart diseases and more.

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Endotronix wireless health monitoring.

Endotronix has patented a new type of wireless sensor reader. The experimental product is designed with a sensor that is implanted during a routine catheterisation procedure. It requires no leads or implanted batteries, and sends data to a secure Web platform. The sensor is designed to improve the quality of life and medical outcomes, as well as lower costs for those who suffer from congestive heart failure and other cardiac ailments.

Endotronix wireless health monitoring
Fig. 5: Endotronix wireless health monitoring

Golden Gopher Magnetic Biosensing system.

This portable, low-cost and easy-to-use device detects biomarkers in human serum and urine, as well as heavy metals in lake water. Known as Z-lab, this highly-sensitive sensor is now in development for smaller, more portable models.

Golden Gopher Magnetic Biosensing system
Fig. 6: Golden Gopher Magnetic Biosensing system

Electronic Aspirin.

For people who suffer from migraines, cluster headaches and other causes of chronic, excruciating head or facial pain, the ‘take two aspirins and call me in the morning’ method is useless. Doctors have long associated the most severe, chronic forms of headache with sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG), a facial nerve bundle, but have not yet found a treatment that has a long-term effect on SPG.

Electronic Aspirin
Fig. 7: Electronic Aspirin

Electronic Aspirin is a patient-powered tool for blocking SPG signals at the first sign of a headache, and involves the permanent implant of a small nerve-stimulating device in the upper gum on the side of the head normally affected by headache. Lead tip of the implant connects with the SPG bundle, and when a patient senses the onset of a headache, he or she places a handheld remote controller on the cheek nearest to the implant. Resulting signals stimulate SPG nerves and block pain-causing neurotransmitters.

Google smart contact lenses.

Google has created smart contact lenses made for people who suffer from diabetes and those who simply wear glasses. The technology is engineered to take the tears in a person’s eye and measure glucose levels. For people who wear glasses, the lens would be engineered to what the companies say is ‘to restore the eye’s natural autofocus.’

Google’s smart contact lenses
Fig. 8: Google’s smart contact lenses

Anand Nayyar is assistant professor in Department of Computer Applications & IT, KCL Institute of Management and Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab. He has chaired many national and international conferences, and has published more than 250 research papers. He is life member of CSI-India, and senior member of ACM

Vikram Puri is member (ACM), theIRED, International Association of Engineers. He is interested in embedded systems, real-time systems, robotics, microcontrollers and programming in C/C++

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