Friday, March 29, 2024

Electronics in Production Machines and Robotics

The power of electronics was hardly realized before World War II. During that period and afterward, development in electronics technology took great strides. The emphasis during initial stages of development was on the use of electronics for communication. As a result of sustained efforts ‘hot’, electronics came into existence. At that time Vacuum valves were used to control the flow of electrons.

Then there was a spectacular and fast development. It brought semi- conductors such as a diode, transistors, integrated circuits (IC), light emitting diode (LED), liquid crystal display (LCDs) In due course of time many devices such as programmable logic controller (PLC), proportional integral derivative (PID) came into existence.

With reference to Indian situation, great importance was given to Research and development. Moreover, formal technical education in the field of electronics was given a boost. As a result of all these, innumerable types of machinery and plants are equipped with electronic systems of high order. Two examples are given below to highlight the view that there is a great scope for Electronics For You to dissipate knowledge to benefit readers and industry at large.

Thermoplastics Injection Molding Machines:

Around the year 1955 most of plastics Injection Molding Machines were operated and controlled manually. For example temperature of plastics heating cylinder was manually adjusted by a rheostat , movement of locking platern, injection piston was achieved by hand operated levers, there were hardly any safety gadgets. The result was an inconsistent quality of product and high percentage of rejects.

Present day machines are programmed to operate in manually, semi-automatic and fully automatic mode with precision control over time, speeds, temperature pressure etc. Most sophisticated machines are equipped with programmable logic control (PLC). In some specialized machine, even mold changeover is automatic. Many make and models are even equipped with Robotics to feed insert mouling or take out molded shots from between the mould halves.

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Big Question: How does it become possible to achieve so complicated, highly precise and fully automatic working of machines?

Fig 1 Circuit diagram

Simple answer: Electronics. Giving below an electrical cum electronics circuit to highlight the complications involved. It may be simplified by the use of latest electronic cum Electrical technologies.

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