The design enables quick prototyping with scalable powertrains, supporting hub and mid-drive systems, multiple motor types, and safety features for efficient development.
The e-scooter traction motor control reference design from Microchip is a dual-board, scalable design for quick prototyping, made for hub motor and mid-drive electric powertrains in two- and three-wheelers. The 48V, 6kW, 3-phase converter drives Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs) and Asynchronous Induction Machines (ACIMs), providing the torque and speed needed for modern riders. The controller has multiple position sensor interfaces, making it a versatile option for mid-drive and hub-motor systems.
The design enhances efficiency by utilizing advanced battery and microcontroller technology for superior performance. It supports the eco-friendly transition from gasoline-powered to electric two-wheelers, reducing environmental impact. Advanced motor control incorporates field-oriented control for optimal operation of 3-phase PMSMs, IPMSMs, BLDC, and ACIMs, ensuring improved motor performance. Safety and convenience are prioritized, featuring multiple safety features and communication protocols for added reliability. Additionally, the design supports rapid prototyping of e-scooters with 48V batteries and up to 6kW motors, making it suitable for quick development.
The reference design supports hub and mid-drive designs for two- and three-wheeler electric powertrains. It is built to meet the dynamic needs of modern e-scooters, focusing on safety, reliability, and performance. This design speeds up development by using our components and following strict safety and operational standards. It allows for integrating innovations and creating unique and differentiated products.
The system features sensor-based Field-Oriented Control (FOC) to deliver peak torque and speed with optimal efficiency. It supports versatile performance with four-quadrant operation, enabling motoring and regenerative braking in both directions. Communication protocols include isolated UART and CAN interfaces for monitoring and firmware updates. Comprehensive protection is provided with dynamic torque limits and thermal protection for the controller and motor. Additionally, it offers multiple operation modes, including eco, sports, torque, and cruise control.
The hardware is designed to manage 3 kW continuous and 6 kW peak power, supporting 48V DC nominal voltage with current capacities of 65A continuous and 125A peak. It is compatible with Hall and SSI-based AM4096 sensors and offers options for inductive, encoder, or resolver feedback for rotor position sensing. The robust design includes convection cooling, IP65 ingress protection, and a compact, lightweight build for easy integration. Dynamic torque limiting adjusts maximum current based on protection triggers such as thermal, voltage, or speed conditions, ensuring safe operation by preventing overcurrent. It also features comprehensive safety mechanisms, including voltage, thermal, and speed protections and additional safeguards for stall, throttle, and sensor malfunctions, enhancing reliability.
The reference design suits engineers looking to accelerate e-scooter development, offering an adaptable platform that meets modern demands for performance, safety, and efficiency in electric powertrains.
Microchip has tested this reference design. It comes with a bill of materials (BOM), schematics, assembly drawing, printed circuit board (PCB) layout, and more. The company’s website has additional data about the reference design. To read more about this reference design, click here.
