3D printing technology has enabled researchers at University in China to develop compact, cost-efficient vortex beam generators that leverage orbital angular momentum (OAM) to enhance data capacity and reliability for next-gen wireless networks.
Researchers at Xi’an Jiaotong University in China have unveiled a 3D-printed device capable of generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams, a form of twisting light with rotational energy that can carry more data than conventional signals. The study highlights the potential of these vortex beam generators to significantly boost the capacity and reliability of wireless communication systems, including 5G and 6G networks.
The researchers leveraged 3D printing to create an OAM generator that combines advanced antenna capabilities with integrated signal filtering. This feature enhances signal clarity by amplifying desired frequencies and suppressing interference, ensuring efficient transmission.
Advanced Design and Fabrication
The device incorporates a power divider that evenly splits incoming signals while filtering out unwanted frequencies. It then adjusts the signal phase to generate a high-capacity vortex beam, transmitting it through a circular array of antennas. An air-filled, all-metal structure minimizes losses and increases power-handling capabilities.
Selective laser melting, a 3D printing method, was used to fabricate the device from aluminum alloy, eliminating assembly requirements and reducing costs. Testing demonstrated a mode purity of 80% and interference suppression of over 30 dB, confirming its efficiency and reliability. Looking forward, the team aims to enhance the device’s performance for broader frequency ranges, such as terahertz communication, and integrate it into real-world applications like satellite and 5G systems.
“High-capacity, interference-resistant communication is critical for applications like 5G and 6G networks,” said Jianxing Li, the study’s lead author. “Vortex beams carrying OAM can enhance spectral efficiency and capacity, but existing methods face efficiency and cost limitations.” The new 3D-printed device addresses these challenges with improved efficiency, compactness, and affordability. “Our device is particularly suitable for high-density scenarios like concerts or sports events, where current networks struggle with demand,” noted Yuanxi Cao, the paper’s corresponding author.
