Scientists innovate altermagnetism, a latest magnetic class poised to improve digital devices with faster, eco-friendly memory systems.
A study by the School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham (UON) has revealed the existence of a novel form of magnetism termed altermagnetism. The discovery could bring possibilities for the development of ultra-fast, energy-efficient digital devices.
In contrast to traditional ferromagnets (strong, permanent magnetic materials) or antiferromagnets (materials with opposing magnetic moments), altermagnets (alternating magnetic moments, no net magnetisation) exhibit a unique property. Their magnetic moments align antiparallel like antiferromagnets but are rotated within the crystal structure. “This is like antiferromagnetism with a twist! But this subtle difference has huge ramifications,” explained Peter Wadley, professor and one of the lead researchers.
The research, conducted using the advanced MAX IV synchrotron facility in Sweden, involved imaging altermagnetic properties on a nanoscale. X-rays were directed at magnetic materials, and the emitted electrons were captured to create detailed images. This unique imaging technique offered the first glimpse of this extraordinary phenomenon.
The newly discovered magnets present a transformative potential in technology. They merge the advantageous traits of ferromagnets and antiferromagnets into a single material, promising a thousand-fold increase in operational speed for microelectronic devices. With their potential to replace components in magnetic memory and processing units, industries focused on advanced computing, telecommunications, and green technology are likely to benefit immensely. Additionally, these materials could drastically reduce reliance on toxic and rare elements, addressing both efficiency and environmental concerns.
“Replacing conventional magnetic components with altermagnetic materials could reduce carbon emissions while significantly boosting device performance,” noted Oliver Amin, senior research fellow, UON.
The study also highlights the role of altermagnets in reshaping magnetic memory systems. Their robustness and energy efficiency make them ideal candidates for next-generation memory technologies, offering enhanced durability alongside faster processing capabilities.
Alfred Dal Din, PhD researcher, UON who has been deeply involved in the project, expressed his excitement: “To be among the first to witness the properties of this new class of materials during my PhD has been immensely rewarding.”
This study signals a major stride in material science, setting the stage for advancements in digital memory and computing technologies. Researchers now aim to bridge theory and practical applications, opening altermagnetism’s full potential.
