Researchers from Singapore and China developed a non-contact biosensor integrated into seatbelts for real-time physiological monitoring.
A biosensor embedded in seatbelts offers a novel solution for monitoring the health and alertness of drivers and pilots. Developed by researchers at the National University of Singapore and Tsinghua University, this device can detect respiration and heartbeat signals without direct body contact, overcoming challenges posed by vehicle vibrations and dynamic environments. The findings demonstrate the potential of this technology for improving road and air safety.
“Monitoring drivers’ alertness or stress is essential for road safety,” said Xi Tian, a co-author of the research, current biosensors face difficulties in moving vehicles due to vibrational noise. The new sensor addresses these limitations by utilising advanced metamaterials designed to enhance their properties. Conductive threads, arranged in a comb-shaped pattern, are embroidered onto seatbelts to create a surface that propagates radio waves, enabling reliable detection of cardiopulmonary signals through clothing.
The device integrates a robust signal processing system to minimise interference from external noise, ensuring continuous monitoring of physiological signals even in complex settings. In testing, the sensor demonstrated remarkable stability in dynamic environments, including a moving car and an aeroplane cabin simulator. During a 1.5-hour drive in varied traffic conditions in Singapore, the sensor accurately tracked cardiopulmonary signals, highlighting its reliability. It also detected heart rate changes during sleep in a simulated aircraft cabin, showcasing its utility for monitoring pilots or passengers.
This innovative biosensor could play a pivotal role in preventing accidents caused by driver fatigue or stress. By continuously assessing vital signs, the device provides real-time data on driver health and alertness, offering a practical tool for improving transportation safety.
The research team plans to enhance the sensor’s design by miniaturising its components for cost-effective mass production. Additionally, they aim to develop algorithms that analyse physiological data to assess fatigue and stress levels more effectively. “We plan to collaborate with automotive manufacturers to refine and validate the system in real-world settings,” Tian added.
This promising technology is poised to redefine in-vehicle health monitoring, with potential applications across cars, planes, and other modes of transportation
